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Tutorial9: Regular Expressions

6 bytes added, 11:29, 13 March 2021
INVESTIGATION 2: EXTENDED REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
# Issue the following Linux command (using extended regular expression symbols)<br>to display '''signed''' or '''unsigned integers''':<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">grep "^[+-]{0.1}[0-9]{1,}$" numbers2.dat</span><br><br>'''NOTE: No output will be displayed! Why?'''<br><br>This is due to the fact that the '''grep command was NOT issued correctly to use extended regular expression symbols'''.<br>You would need to issue either '''grep -E''', or just issue the '''egrep''' command. The egrep command works with<br>'''all''' regular expression symbols, and should be used in the future <u>instead</u> of the older grep command.<br><br>We will use '''pipeline commands''' to both display stdout to the screen and save to files<br>for confirmation of running these pipeline commands when run a '''checking-script''' later in this investigation.<br><br>
# Issue the following Linux pipeline command using '''egrep''' instead of ''grep'':<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">egrep "^[+-]{0,1}[0-9]{1,}$" numbers2.dat | tee better-number1.txt</span><br><br>[[Image:eregexps-2.png|thumb|right|300px|Using '''extended''' regular expression symbols (such as '''repetition''') to refine matches of ''signed'' and ''unsigned'' integers.]]You should have noticed that the command worked correctly this time because you used the '''egrep''' command.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' With extended regular expressions, the '''?''' symbol can be used to represent the '''{0,1}''' repetition symbols and the '''+''' symbol can be used to represent the '''{1,}''' repetition symbols<br><br>
# Issue the following Linux pipeline command using the repetition shortcuts <span style="font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">"+"</span> and <span style="font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">"?"</span>:<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">egrep "^[+-]?[0-9]+$" numbers2.dat | tee better-number2.txt</span><br><br>You should have seen the '''same results''', but the extended regular expression required less typing.<br><br>
# Issue the following Linux pipeline command to display '''signed''', '''unsigned''', '''whole''', and '''decimal''' numbers:<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">egrep "^[+-]{0,1}[0-9]{1,}[.]{0,1}[0-9]*$" numbers2.dat | tee better-number3.txt</span><br><br>Were all signed and unsigned intergers and decimal numbers displayed?<br><br>
# Issue the follwoing command to check that you correctly issued<br>those ''Linux pipeline commands'': <br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">bash /home/murray.saul/myscripts/week9-check-2</span><br><br>If you encounter errors, then view the feedback to make corrections, and then re-run the checking script.<br>If you receive a congratulation message that there are no errors, then proceed with this tutorial.<br><br>You can also use extended regular expression symbols for '''grouping'''.<br>For example, you can search for repetitions of GROUPS of characters (like a word)<br>as opposed to just a single character or a GROUP of numbers as opposed to a single digit.<br><br>
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