Changes

''A '''Linux distribution''' (often abbreviated as distro) is an operating system made from a software collection that is based upon the Linux kernel and, often, a package management system. Linux users usually obtain their operating system by downloading one of the Linux distributions, which are available for a wide variety of systems ranging from embedded devices (for example, OpenWrt) and personal computers (for example, Linux Mint) to powerful supercomputers (for example, Rocks Cluster Distribution)...''

* '''Select a Linux Distribution''' and '''download'a '' a Linux Distribution Install '''ISO''' file<br>to your Computer ('''Note:download''' Be aware of any required Hardware Requirements for the Linux OS prior to installation(ISO image file or VM file).)* '''Burn an Linux Distribution CD/DVDCreate''', or VM and '''USBinstall''', Linux Distribution or use '''downloaded file when creating a virtual machinerun'''VM file.* Once booted, the installation process '''transfers the live image to a disk (or flash memory)''' and configures the system.* For most distributions, the installation involves a '''guided graphical environment''' help assist with the Linux installation process.<br>

* : Linux is the <u>only</u> OS on the computer. * : Any existing data on your hard disk will be '''erased'''.

* : A '''boot menu''' allows the user to select the desired OS.<br><br>* : '''Advantages''' of Dual-Boot or Multi-Boot:<ol><li>This option provides a method to access your computer if one OS '''fails to boot-up'''.</li><li>'''Access the Windows partition''' if your Windows OS cannot boot-up.</li><li>This booting method is great for '''troubleshooting'''<br>(''for example:'' boot into Linux OS to eliminate a hardware issue).</li></ol>* : '''Installation Tips:'''<ol><li>It is recommended to '''back up important data''' before proceeding.</li><li>It is recommended to '''install the Linux OS <u>last</u>''', as other operating systems may not offer a multi-boot option.</li></ol>

* : ''Virtualization requires is the process of running a virtual instance of a computer system in a compatible processor: not all processors support that featurelayer abstracted from the actual hardware.* Your BIOS should be set to '''<u>enable< Reference: https://u> Virtualization'''opensource.com/resources/virtualization* : The virtualized OS is installed and run in a window under another OS.Special software is used to manage the entire process, referred to as the '''hypervisor'''.<br><br>* The installation : '''Advantages''' of Virtualization:<ol><li>You can usually be accomplished run VM from an '''ISO imagefile''' or a '''VM file'''.* </li><li>One or more virtual machines can be run at the <u>same </u> time.* </li><li>The '''guest ''' OS '''shares hardware''' with the '''host ''' OS and possibly other virtualized systems.* Special software is used to manage the entire process, referred to as the </li><li>The '''hypervisorguest'''.* The guest systems have '''network access ''' through the host.</li></ol>* The selection of virtualization software (which allows : '''Installation Tips:'''<ol><li>Virtualization requires a '''compatible processor''': not all processors creation and running of virtual machines) depends mainly on the host OS, although some are cross-platformsupport that feature. Other considerations as </li><li>Your '''BIOS''' should be set to virtualization '''<u>enable</u> Virtualization'''.</li><li>Popular VM software may be featuresfor '''Windows''', support, price '''Apple''' and'''Linux''' OS include:<ul><li>VMware</li><li>Oracle Virtual Box</or personal preferences.li></ul></li></ol>

<span style="color:red;">'''ATTENTION''': This tutorial relates to an interest topic and is NOT worth marks.</span><br><br> In this sectioninvestigation, you will first ''download'' and ''install'' the '''VirtualBox''' VM application on your home computer,<br>then you will then ''download'' and unzip the '''Knoppix Live Distribution VM''' file to your computer.

# Another dialog box will appear. '''Double-click''' on the '''Switch''' button when prompted to enter '''scale mode'''or '''Switch''' to scale mode.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' You should notice that you can switch between your Knoppix VM and your Windows computer which is referred to as the '''host machine'''.<br><br>

# '''Click''' the following link to access the '''Oracle Virtualbox''' application download website:<br>[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads]<br><br>

# Navigate to the folder containing the ''extracted zipped files'' and '''double-click''' the file called '''Knoppix.vbox''' to launch the Knoppix VM.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' By '''double-clicking''' on this file (even if the VirtualBox application is not running)<br>it will launch the VirtualBox application and start the Knoppix virtual machine.<br><br>'''For Mac Users:''' If you experience an error message regarding the Kernel extension,<br>click on '''System Preferences''', select '''Security and Privacy'''<br>and click to '''allow Oracle''' service extensions to run on your machine.<br><br>If you have difficulty running Knoppix on your home machine/laptop you may ask your <br>'''Learning Centre ULG leaders''' for additional help in troubleshooting why Knoppix<br>is not working on your home machine/laptop.<br><br><table align="right"><tr valign="top"><td>[[Image:knoppix-start-menu.png|thumb|right|150px|'''Knoppix Start button''' (icon on the '''left''').]]</td><td>[[Image:knoppix-desktop.png|thumb|right|280px|The '''Knoppix Linux desktop environment''' has a similar look as the MS Windows desktop environment. (Image licensed under[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ cc])]]</td></table># If you are using MS Windows, look in the taskbar below to see if the Virtual Box application is running click to display that application window.<br><br># Click on the Start button (looks like a green arrow pointing to the right).<br><br># If prompted, '''click''' '''Scale''' or '''Switch''' to scale mode to proceed.<br><br># If using ''MS Windows'', click the mouse on the Knoppix screen and press '''ENTER''' to login.<br><br># Allow '''time''' for the Knoppix Linux distribution to start. This is a '''graphical Linux distribution''' which will start-up in a desktop environment.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' You are '''NOT''' prompted for a ''username'' and ''password'' because this is a Linux Live distribution and you have been assigned a '''generic account'''.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' If you are using MS Windows, press the '''RIGHT CTRL''' key to change to other applications by pressing '''ALT-TAB'''.<br>When you want to use Graphical Linux (i.e. Knoppix screen), click in the screen to focus and use that screen.<br><br>

# In the '''system tools ''' menu, and select '''Konsole''' to launch a terminal application.<br><br>'''FYI:''' To '''increase''' font size, press '''ctrl+''' to '''reduce''' font size, press '''ctrl-'''.<br>You can drag the Konsole terminal window from the bottom-right corner<br>to increase the window size.<br><br># In the bash shell, issue the following Linux command: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">whoami</span><br><br>What is the name of your generic Knoppix Linux Live account?<br>On your Knoppix live OS, there is a '''generic''' user called "'''knoppix'''" that can<br>be accessed <u>without</u> a password. This account has its own home directory.<br><br>Let's test this out by using the ssh command to connect to your Matrix account.<br>Your Knoppix virtual machine uses your host computer's operating system which<br>is already connected to '''Seneca's Global PortalGlobalProtect VPN'''.<br><br><!-- # Issue the following Linux command to '''download''' a Bash Shell script to connect<br>to the '''Seneca Global PortalGlobalProtect VPN''':<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">wget itas.senecacollege.ca/~mark.fernandes/vpn</span><br><br>

# Issue the following shell script to connect to the Seneca Global PortalGlobalProtect VPN: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">vpn -c</span><br><br>You should be connected to the Seneca Global PortalGlobalProtect VPN. <br>Let's test this out by using the ssh command to connect to your Matrix account.<br><br>

# Use a '''text editor''' (''nano'' or ''vi'') to create a file in your current directory called '''myvm.txt'''<br>and enter the following text displayed below. Make certain there are ONLY 3 lines:<br><br><span style="font-family:courier;font-weight:bold">This is line 1<br>This is line 2<br>This is line 3</span><br><br>

#Enter the following command: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier;">bash /home/murray.saul/scripts~uli101/week7-check-1</span><br><br>

# Open the ''Knoppix start menu'', select '''games''' and try running a few games<br>(a few recommendations are: '''Frozen Bubble''', and '''Extreme Tux Racer''' and '''Open Arena''').<br><br>Now that you have had an opportunity to use your Knoppix Linux Live distribution,<br>let's shutdown the VM and move onto the practice questions at the bottom of this tutorial.<br><br>