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Tutorial2: Unix / Linux File Management

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|colspan="1" |'''Slides:'''<ul><li>Week 2 Lecture 1 Notes: [https://github.com/ULI101/slides/raw/main/ULI101-2.1.pdf PDF] | [https://~~ict~~github.com/ULI101/slides/raw/main/ULI101-2.~~senecacollege~~1.capptx PPTX]</li><li>Week 2 Lecture 2 Notes: [https://~~~murray~~github.~~saul~~com/ULI101/slides/~~uli101~~raw/main/ULI101-~~Week2~~2.2.pdf PDF] | [https://~~ict~~github.~~senecacollege.ca~~com/ULI101/slides/~~~murray.saul~~raw/~~uli101~~main/ULI101-~~Week2~~2.2.pptx PPTX]</li></ul>'''Tutorials:'''<ul><li>[http://www.cheat-sheets.org/saved-copy/Nano_Cheat_Sheet.pdf Nano Reference Sheet (PDF)]</li><li>[https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2010/05/vi-editor-linux-terminal-cheat-sheet-pdf Vi Reference Sheet (PDF)]</li><li>[http://czegel.com/seneca/uli101/lectures/Lecture2.html Les Czegel's Week 2 Notes (HTML)]</li></ul>

| style="padding-left:15px;" |'''File Management:'''

*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/pwd.1.html pwd]

*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/cd.1p.html cd]

*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/rm.1.html rm] , [http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/rm.1.html rm -r]

| style="padding-left:15px;"|'''Text Editors / File Content:'''

*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/vi.1p.html vi] , *[https://linux.die.net/man/1/nano nano]

*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/cat.1.html cat]

*[http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_man_pages/grep1.html grep]

|colspan="1" style="padding-left:15px;" width="30%"|'''Brauer Instructional Videos:'''<ul><li>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UfAFAipked0&list=PLU1b1f-2Oe90TuYfifnWulINjMv_Wr16N&index=3 Basic File Actions (touch, ls -l, cp, cp -r, mv, mkdir, mkdir -p, rm, rmdir, rm -r)]</ul>

|}

=INVESTIGATION 1: CREATING & MANAGING DIRECTORIES=

'''ATTENTION''': Effective '''May 9, 2022''' - this online tutorial will be required to be completed by '''Friday in week 3 by midnight''' to obtain a grade of '''2%''' towards this course

In this investigation, you will learn how to '''create''', '''navigate''', '''list directory contents''' and '''remove''' directories in your Matrix account.

# '''Login''' to your matrix account (you should know how to do this from performing [https://wiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/wiki/Tutorial_1:_Using_Your_Matrix_Server_Account#INVESTIGATION_1:_ACCESSING_YOUR_MATRIX_LINUX_ACCOUNT Tutorial 1 INVESTIGATION 1]]).

# Issue a command to '''confirm''' that you are located in your home directory (you should know how to do this from performing [[https://wiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/wiki/Tutorial_1:_Using_Your_Matrix_Server_Account#INVESTIGATION_2:~~_USING_THE_LINUX_SHELL_.2F_ONLINE_ASSIGNMENTS~~ _USING_THE_LINUX_SHELL Tutorial 1 INVESTIGATION 2]]

# Issue the following Linux command: mkdir /home/your-seneca-id/uli101xx (remember: use your Seneca username instead of "your-seneca-id") '''NOTE:''' You should always confirm that you have created a directory. This can be done by issuing the '''ls''' command. [[Image:directory-structure-4.png|thumb|right|350px|'''Creating''' and '''Confirming''' the Creation of a Directory.]]

# Issue the following Linux command: ls /home/your-seneca-id/uli101xx There are no contents that are contained in this newly-created directory; therefore, no contents appear. A useful option '''-d''' can be used to confirm that the actual directory has been created as opposed to viewing the contents of the directory.

# We will now create the subdirectories that are contained in the '''uli101xx''' directory. Issue the following Linux command to move to the '''uli101xx''' directory using a '''relative''' pathname: cd uli101xx

# Issue a Linux command to confirm that your current location is in the ''uli101xx'' directory. You should know how to issue this command from a previous tutorial.

# Issue the following Linux command to create the directories called '''notes''', '''tutorials''' and '''~~examples~~samples''': mkdir notes tutorials ~~examples~~samples # Issue a Linux command to confirm that those directories have been created (you should already know how to do this). There are better ways to create the same directory structure without using the '''cd''' command. Issuing the '''cd''' command '''prior''' to issuing other commands indicates to others that you are a novice or "'''newbie'''". You can actually '''lose marks''' on quizzes or ~~examples~~ tests if you issue multiple Linux commands to performed tasks that can be performed using a single Linux command with '''pathnames'''.

# Issue the following Linux command to return to your home directory: cd

# Issue a Linux command to confirm that you are now located in your home directory. Although we will teach you how to '''remove''' directories and their contents in another ~~section~~investigation, let's remove the created directory structure' and '''recreate''' the same directory structure using just one command using pathnames.

# Issue the following Linux command to remove all of the directories that you have created: rm -r uli101xx acp100xx xyz100xx

# Issue a Linux command to confirm that the '''uli101xx''', '''acp100xx''' and '''xyz100xx''' that been removed.

# Issue the following single Linux command to create the entire directory structure: mkdir -p uli101xx/notes uli101xx/tutorials uli101xx/~~examples~~ samples acp100xx xyz100xx '''NOTE:''' The '''-p''' option allows "parent" directories to be automatically created first to then create their subdirectories. # Issue the following Linux command to confirm that all of the directories have been created: ls -ld uli101xx/ uli101xx/notes uli101xx/tutorials uli101xx/~~examples~~ samples acp100xx xyz100xx

'''Running a Shell Script to Check your Work'''

# Make certain that your current directory is '''your home directory'''.

# Issue the following Linux command to run a checking script: ~~bash /home/murray.saul/scripts~~~uli101/week2-check-1 # If you encounter errors, then view the feedback to make corrections, and then re-run the checking script. If you receive a congratulation message that there are no errors, then proceed to the next ~~section~~part.

'''Perform the Following Steps:'''

# Issue the following Linux command: tree '''NOTE:''' You should see the directory structure that you created in the previous ~~section~~investigation. You can also issue the '''tree''' command using a directory pathname to display the directory structure for a specific scope. You can also use the '''-R''' option for the '''ls''' command to display all directories and subdirectories for a specified directory path (referred to as a '''recursive directory listing''').

# Issue the following Linux command: ls -lR What directories do you see?

# Issue the following Linux command: ls -lR ~~uli101xxx~~uli101xx Note the differences between both of these commands (i.e. using and not using a pathname). You can copy and move entire directories (and their contents) to other directories. <table align="right"><tr valign="top"><td>[[Image:directory-structure-7.png|thumb|right|250px|Output of the '''tree''' command to confirm copy of '''uli101xx''' directory (and contents) to the '''xyz100xx''' directory.]]</td><td>[[Image:directory-structure-8.png|thumb|right|300px|Output of the '''tree''' command to confirm movement of '''acp100 directory''' directory (and contents) to the '''xyz100xx''' diredtory.]]</td></tr></table>

# Issue the following Linux command: cp -R uli101xx xyz100xx

#Issue the following Linux command to display the directory structure of your home directory to confirm you copied the uli101xx directory: tree

# Issue the following Linux command: mv acp100xx xyz100xx/uli101xx/tutorials

#Issue the following Linux command to display the directory structure of your home directory to confirm you moved the acp100xx directory: tree Let's run a checking script to see if you moved and copied the directories correctly.

# Make certain that your current directory is '''your home directory'''.

# Issue the following Linux command run checking script: ~~bash /home/murray.saul/scripts~~~uli101/week2-check-2 # If you encounter errors. make corrections and re-run the checking script until you receive a congratulations message, and proceed to the next ~~section~~investigation.

===Part 3: Removing Directories ===

In this ~~section~~investigation, we will learn how to '''safely remove''' directories and their contents.

# Issue the following Linux command (entering "y" when prompted): rm -ri xyz100xx '''NOTE:''' You should have removed all directories that you have created. Let's run a checking script to confirm that you have correctly removed all of those directories.

# Issue the '''tree''' command to confirm that all of those recently created directories have been removed.

# Issue the following Linux command to run a checking script to confirm removal of those directories: ~~bash /home/murray.saul/scripts~~~uli101/week2-check-3

# If you encounter errors, make corrections and re-run the checking script until you receive a congratulations message, and proceed to the next INVESTIGATION.

# Issue a Linux command to check that you correctly created those directories.

# Issue the following Linux command to edit a text file called '''mytext.txt''' in the '''linux/practice''' directory: nano textedit/practice/mytext.txt '''NOTE:''' When using the '''Nano''' text editor, you are placed in '''INPUT''' mode, so you can enter text immediately. [[Image:nano-text-editor-2.png|right|400px|thumb|Enter the following text that appears in this diagram.]]

# Enter the lines shown in the other diagram of the nano text editor on the right side. '''NOTE:''' Refer to the table below for a list of common '''Nano''' navigation & editing commands: <table cellpadding="5"><tr><th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;">Key(s)</th><th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;">Purpose</th></tr><trvalign="top"><td style="font-family:courier">'''<ctrl><SPACEBAR>''', '''<esc><6>'''</td><td>Move forward/backward one word</td></tr><trvalign="top"><td style="font-family:courier">'''<ctrl><a>''', '''<ctrl><e>'''</td><td>Move to beginning/end of line</td></tr><tr><td style="font-family:courier">'''<~~esc~~ctrl><~~SPACEBAR~~k>'''</td><td>~~Move back one word~~Cut line</td></tr><tr><td style="font-family:courier">'''<~~ctrl><k~~esc>6'''</td><td>~~Cut line~~Copy Line</td></tr><tr><td style="font-family:courier">'''<~~esc~~ctrl>~~^'''</td><td>Copy Line ('''Note:''' to get '''^''' character, type '''~~<~~shift~~u>6'''~~, not~~</utd> <~~ctrl~~td>)Paste Cut/Copied Text</td></tr><tr><td style="font-family:courier">'''<ctrl><ug>'''</td><td>~~Paste Cut/Copied Text~~Display help screen (ctrl-x to exit help screen)</td></tr><tr><td style="font-family:courier">'''<ctrl><gx>'''</td><td>~~Display help screen (ctrl-x to~~ Save editing changes and exit ~~help screen)~~</td></tr></table>

# Referring to the table above, practice navigating and editing your entered lines for practice.

# To '''save''' your editing session, press: <ctrl>x

# You will be prompted to modify your file: type the letter y for '''yes'''.

# The name of the file will be displayed, Press ENTER.to save editing changes for that file name. '''NOTE:''' This prompt for file name allows you to change the name of the file if you wish. By pressing '''ENTER''', it will accept the default filename.

# ~~Practice~~ Perform some more editing operations based on the ~~file ( using the nano command in '''step #4''' ) and perform more~~ editing ~~operations,~~chart above. ~~(just type more random lines at the bottom of this file) and then~~ # '''~~save~~Save''' your editing session and '''exit''' your text editor.

===Part 2: Creating Text Files Using The vi Text Editor===

# Issue the following Linux command: rm aa.txt b.txt a.txt.bk c.txt

# Issue the '''ls''' command to verify that these files have been removed.

# ~~After you complete~~ Complete the '''LINUX PRACTICE QUESTIONS''' to get additional practice~~, then work on '''online assignment #1''', '''section 2''' "''Basic Unix Commands''" (parts '''4''' to '''6''') labelled: "''Managing Files''" , "''Accessing Files''" and "''Review Exercise''"~~.

= LINUX PRACTICE QUESTIONS =

simulate a quiz:

https://~~ict~~github.~~senecacollege.ca~~com/ULI101/labs/~~~murray.saul~~raw/~~uli101~~main/uli101_week2_practice.docx

Your instructor may take-up these questions during class. It is up to the student to attend classes in order to obtain the answers to the following questions. Your instructor will NOT provide these answers in any other form (eg. e-mail, etc).

# Write a Linux command to display unique occurrences of consecutive lines in a file called '''practice/customers.txt'''

# Create a '''table''' listing each Linux command, useful options that are displayed near the top of this tutorial labelled: '''Tutorial Reference Material'''

_________________________________________________________________________________

Author: Murray Saul

License: LGPL version 3

Link: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html

_________________________________________________________________________________

[[Category:ULI101]]

Msaul

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