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[[Category:OPS235]]
{{Admon/caution|THIS IS AN OLD VERSION OF THE LAB|'''This is an archived version. Do not use this in your OPS235 course.'''}}
=Logical Volume Management (Continued) and User / Group Management=
==Introduction==
In this lab you're going to learn how to:
:* Add a virtual hard disk and expand your vm's existing file system using LVM
:* Administer (add, remove, modify) users on a Linux system.
:* Save time while adding new users using a template of start-up files.
:* Create and manage groups on a Linux system.
== Required Materials (Bring to All Labs) ==
* CentOS 6.5 x86_64 Live DVD
* CentOS 6.5 x86_64 Installation DVD1
* SATA Hard Disk (in removable disk tray)
* USB Memory Stick
* Lab Logbook
==Prerequisites==
* Completion and Instructor "Sign-off" of Lab 2: [[OPS235 Lab 3 - CentOS6]]
==Linux Command Online Reference==
Each Link below displays online manpages for each command (via [http://linuxmanpages.com/ http://linuxmanpages.com]):
{|width="100%" cellpadding="5"
|'''LVM Information Utilities:'''
|'''LVM Management Utilities:'''
|'''Additional Utilities:'''
|- valign="top"
|
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/vgs.8.php vgs]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/lvs.8.php lvs]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/pvs.8.php pvs]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/vgdisplay.8.php vgdisplay]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/lvdisplay.8.php lvdisplay]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/pvdisplay.8.php pvdisplay]
|
*[http://www.centos.org/docs/5/html/Deployment_Guide-en-US/s1-system-config-lvm.html system-config-lvm] (Tutorial)
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/lvextend.8.php lvextend]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/resize2fs.8.php resize2fs]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/lvcreate.8.php lvcreate]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/lvreduce.8.php lvreduce]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/pvcreate.8.php pvcreate]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/vgextend.8.php vgextend]
|
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/mount.8.php mount]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/umount.8.php umount]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/useradd.8.php useradd]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/userdel.8.php userdel]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/usermod.8.php usermod]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/groupadd.8.php groupadd]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/groupdel.8.php groupdel]
|}
==Resources on the web==
Additional links to tutorials and HOWTOs:
:* [[Logical Volume Management]] ('''Note:''' It is recommended to return to this guide as a reference when performing the next several investigations)
:* [http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/05/ext2-ext3-ext4/ Linux File Systems (ext2/ext3/ext4)]
:* [http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Partition/fdisk_partitioning.html Partitioning with fdisk]
:* [http://www.linux-tutorial.info/modules.php?name=MContent&pageid=282 Mounting / Unmounting File-systems]
:* [http://www.itwire.com/business-it-news/open-source/14446-uid-and-gid-the-basics-of-linux-user-admin UID and GID explained]
= Storage Setup (prior to starting Lab 4) =
At this point, having completed [[OPS235 Lab 3 - CentOS6|Lab 3]] you should have <u>'''roughly'''</u> the following disk storage setup:<br />
('''Note:''' These results are output from the '''vgs''', '''lvs''', and '''pvs''' commands within each virtual machine. You will be using these commands in the following lab investigations)<br /><br />
LV VG Attr LSize
lv_home vg_centos3 -wi-ao---- 1.00g
lv_root vg_centos3 -wi-ao---- 1410.54g 00g
lv_swap vg_centos3 -wi-ao---- 992.00m
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/vda3 vg_centos3 lvm2 a-- 14.51g 02.54g /dev/vdb vg_centos3 lvm2 a-- 2.00g 02.00g
* '''c6host (i.e. "disk pack")'''
Please read this page to get an overview of LVM:
[http://zenit.senecac.on.ca/wiki/index.php/Logical_Volume_Management Logical Volume Management]
== Investigation 1: How are LVMs are managed using Command-Line Tools ==
# You are going to repeat the same LVM management operations (as your did with the ''centos2'' VM in '''lab3'''), but you will using command-line tools in the '''centos3''' VM. Since the centos3 VM only operates in command-line mode, you will need to refer to the '''"Logical Volume Management"''' link above.
# Write down the exact commands used at each step, and record appropriate command output:
== Investigation 2: How can a PV be added to an existing VG using Command-Line Tools? ==
# You should now have both <code>/dev/vda</code> and <code>/dev/vdb</code>.
# Record the size of the volume group and the amount of free space (Hint: use a command that you learned in a previous lab).
# Read the resource [http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Partition/fdisk_partitioning.html Partitioning with fdisk] to learn how to properly create a partition with the fdisk command.# Use fdisk to partition /dev/vdb with a Linux single partition that fills the whole disk.
# Check the messages printed when <code>fdisk</code> exits -- you may need to reboot the system in order for the new partition table to take effect.
# Mark ''vdb1'' as a physical volume usable by LVM.
{{Admon/tip|SELinux relabelling may be required|Your system may report that the files are not present in the new /home filesystem when they are clearly there. This is due to the Security-Enhanced Linux system (SELinux) preventing access to the files, because the files were tampered with (moved) and are no longer recognized as home directory content. You can fix this problem by restoring the file context labels so that SELinux accepts the files as valid home directory content: <code>restorecon -r /home</code>}}
== Investigation 3: How can I use LVM fdisk to manage storage on my disk pack? ==
'''On your <u>c6host</u> (i.e. "disk pack"), using your choice of the GUI and/or command-line tools:'''
# Create a new partition or logical partition drive ('''NOT a logical volume!''') - minimum 5G, leaving at least 10G free space in the extended partition.# Add Format that partition as (i.e. put a PV into the existing VGfilesystem on it).# Grow the root filesystem Make sure it's mounted automatically on a mountpoint of your choosing (easiest is to fill the available spacecreate a new directory for a mountpoint).
= User/Group Management =
# Be sure to record your observations in your lab notes.
{{Admon/note|Use fedora3centos3|Perform these steps in the '''fedora3centos3''' virtual machine.}}# Add your matrix account user to '''fedora3centos3'''.
== Investigation 6: Managing Groups ==
= Completing the lab =
{{Admon/important|Time for a new backup!|If you have successfully completed this lab, make a new backup of your virtual machines. Remember to also make a backup of the new second virtual disk drive on ''fedora1centos1'' -- you now have two virtual disks on ''fedora1centos1'', and therefore two image files, and therefore will need two backup files.}}
Arrange proof of the following on the screen:
# Two PVs on '''fedora1centos1'''.# Separate <code>/home</code> filesystem (on an LV) in '''fedora1centos1'''.<!-- # Unnecessary accounts and groups have been removed on '''fedora1'''. --># Account created on '''fedora3centos3''' matching your Matrix account.
# List contents of '''/etc/group''' file (ops235 group).
# List contents of '''/etc/passwd''' file (created accounts).
