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# Boot the virtual machine and log in (use the user ID and password information from the previous step). Compare the experience to the first time you booted the other virtual machines. Record this information in the '''table contained in Investigation 4'''.
'''Answer the Investigation 3 1 observations / questions in your lab log book.'''
== Investigation 4: Updating the VMs ==
{{Admon/caution|Never Shutdown Computer During Upgrade|Your computer (host, vms) are at their most vulnerable when you perform an update. Always plan ahead for appropriate time prior to performing an update. Shutting down your computer while performing an update may cause your computer not to boot! You have been warned!!!}}
=INVESTIGATION 2: MANAGING VIRTUAL MACHINES=== Investigation 5Part 1: Managing Virtual Machines from the Command Line ==
{{Admon/note|Manage virtual machines from the host|The commands used to manage virtual machines must be executed on the host (your disk pack) and not inside a virtual machine.}}
{{Admon/note|Virtual Machine Does not Shutdown from Command|If the Virtual machine fails to shutdown from the <code>virsh shutdown</code> command, then you can go to the '''Virtual Machine manager''' and '''halt''' or '''shutdown''' within the VM itself, then you can click the '''PowerOff''' button in the VM window. You'll want to avoid a forced shutdown since those are equivalent to yanking the power cord out of the wall on a physical machine!|}}
'''Answer the Investigation 5 all observations / questions in your lab log book.'''
== Investigation 6Part 2: How do I backup a virtual machine? Backing Up Virtual Machines ==
{{Admon/important|Backing up VMs|There are two general processes in order to back up your images:<ol><li>'''Compressing your images''' (also recommended to backup up to external storage USB Key) using the '''gzip''' command.</li><li>'''Backup the VM xml configuration file''' (preferably to USB key) using '''virsh''' shell command to add VM to virtual machine manager list (in the event that the HOST machine is "wiped" and re-installed, but VM images and xml configuration files have been backed up external storage).</li></ol><br />Taking the time to backup the image of the Operating System's file system allows the user to return to a '''"restoration point"''' using the '''gunzip''' command in case something bad occurs to the OS during a lab.<br />Failure to take the time to make and confirm backups can result in loss of lab work for the student!|}}
= INVESTIGATION 3: LOOKING AHEAD =
==Part 1: Disable SELinux and Perform Software Updates== {|cellpadding="15" width="100%"|- valign="top" | # Disabling SELinux is quite simple, just edit the file '''/etc/selinux/config''' and set SELINUX to disabled.# Add additional text regarding disabling SELinux<br><br>#The CentOS software is updated frequently to add features, fix bugs, and upgrade security. Perform a system update to get the latest versions of the packages installed: Start the Firefox web browser, turn off popup window blocking (select '''Edit''', '''Preferences''', then select the '''Content''' tab and uncheck the box to '''Block Popups'''), then return to your web-browser, load a page, and when prompted, login to SeneNET. #Open a terminal and type <b><code>su</code></b> to start a shell as root. Enter the command <b><code><span style=" pointer-events:none;cursor:default;color:#3366CC;">yum update</span></code></b> This will download and install all of the packages that have been updated since the installation DVD image was created. If you complete this command at Seneca it should run quite fast as Seneca College hosts a CentOS Repository mirror (a copy of all of the current CentOS packages, on a local web server). |width="40%" |{{Admon/important|SELinux|SELinux stands for '''Security-Enhanced Linux'''. It is a component that helps to better secure the system to protect against intrusion (hackers). SELinux is enabled upon the default install of CentOS. SELinux can be a good thing, if you take care of it and know how it works. For this course it is strongly recommended that you '''disable SELinux by default''' because we won't have the time to reconfigure it every time the labs make it necessary.}}|} ==Part 2: Automating Routine Tasks (Shell Scripting)==
[[Image:lab1-script-1.png|thumb|right|175px|When executed as '''root''' or using '''sudo''' command, allows for automatically performing routine tasks such as generating information of a newly installed Linux server]]
#You may have learned about creating and running Bash Shell Scripts in your ULI101 course. Shell scripts help Linux users and system administrators to automatic repetitive tasks to become more efficient and to help them save time.
#You have completed lab1. Proceed to Completing The Lab, and follow the instructions for "lab sign-off".
'''Answer the Investigation 7 3 observations / questions in your lab log book.'''
= Completing the Lab =