== Objectives ==* Format, mount, {{Admon/caution|THIS IS AN OLD VERSION OF THE LAB|'''This is an archived version. Do not use, and unmount ext3, ext4, and vfat filesystems on USB flash drivesthis in your OPS235 course.* Create filesystems on various storage devices* Create hard disk partitions* Backup filesystems and images* Mount a filesystem stored within a a regular file'''}}

=Fedora 17 Installation (on Main Host - f17host)= Reference ==* [http://linuxmanpages.com/ man pages] for cp, mount, umount, fdisk, mkdir, file, mkfs, dumpe2fs, grep, dd* Online reading material for weeks 1 and 2.

== Instructions Introduction==# Set your computer's drive selector switch to external, then power up the computer.# Insert the Fedora Live CD into the CD/DVD drive.# Reboot the system.# The boot process is completed when you see the GDM Login Screen. Click on "Automatic Login" to login as the "Live System User".# We are going to start by opening a terminal window to access our shell environment. Click on Applications --> System Tools --> Terminal to start the terminal.# At the top of the terminal window, you should see the command prompt similar to [liveuser@localhost ~]$ This prompt indicates that it is ready to take your command. The program that is running is called a shell.# At the command prompt, enter the command whoami (all in one word) and press return. This command shows the so-called User Name. Make notes of this user name.# At the command prompt, enter the command pwd and press return. This command shows the so-called present working directory or current working directory. Record the present working directory of the shell running on the terminal window. As we have not yet changed directories this should also be your users home directory. (Also indicated by the ~ character in the prompt)

{{Admon/important|Using Superuser Privilege|Throughout :* In this courselab, you may need are going to execute commands using install the privileges of the the administrative user Fedora (username "root", also called the "superuser"GNU/Linux Distribution). To switch to your removable hard disk from your account to the root account, type the command: <code>su -</code>burned DVD.

After switching user notice and make note of the change :* Although this will be a simple install, this Fedora Operating System will be a platform for other Virtual Machine Fedora installations (in your shell promptfuture labs). Also note Therefore, it is very important that you take the difference in output for the <code>whoami</code> time to carefully read and perform ALL steps, and <code>pwd</code> commandstake time to check your work.

Whenever this is required:* After performing the Fedora17 DVD installation, make a note of ityou will collect baseline information about your Fedora GNU/Linux system, and determine why superuser privilege is requiredperform some post installation configuration to prepare your system for the remainder of the labs.

When ==Objectives== # Perform a GNU/Linux installation using the Fedora 17 distribution# Investigate information during and after the Fedora 17 installation# Perform an update after a recent installation ==Required Materials (Bring to All Labs)== * Fedora 17 LIVE CD* Fedora 17 x86_64 Installation DVD* SATA Hard Disk (in removable disk tray)* USB Memory Stick* Lab Logbook ==Prerequisites== * None (First Lab) ==Linux Command Online Reference== Each Link below displays online manpages for each command (via [http://linuxmanpages.com/ http://linuxmanpages.com]): {|width="100%" cellpadding="5" width="50%"|'''Utilities:'''|- valign="top"|:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/rpm.8.php rpm]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man1/hostname.1.php hostname]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man1/uname.1.php uname]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man1/ps.1.php ps]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/ifconfig.8.php ifconfig]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/netstat.8.php netstat]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/route.8.php route]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man1/nslookup.1.php nslookup]:* [http://linuxmanpages.com/man1/wc.1.php wc]|} Normally you would read man pages on the machine you are finished 're working on using the root account type exit man command, for example '''man rpm''' will show you the manual page for the rpm command. ==Resources on the web==Additional links to return tutorials and HOWTOs::* [http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/17/html/Installation_Guide/ Fedora 17 Installation Guide] =Performing Lab 1= ==Investigation 1: How to Perform a Fedora DVD Install on Your Removable Hard Drive == === Part 1: Simple Things === # Insert your '''removable SATA hard disk''' into the drive tray.# Set your previous accountcomputer's drive selector switch to '''external''' (a.k.a ''position #4'').# Power up the computer and insert the '''Fedora 17 Installation DVD''' into the CD/DVD drive.# Wait until the Fedora DVD boots (could take a few moments). {{Admon/important|Boot-up Issues (Fedora17) in Seneca's Computer labs|If for some reason, the Fedora17 Installation DVD does not boot: :* Restart the computer, and '''press the function key F10 to specify the device to boot''' (eg. DVD drive). Avoid using :* If the superuser account unless absolutely necessaryuser is prompted for a password, because '''simply press ENTER''' (without typing any password) at the password prompt.:* Choose the superuser account has unlimited privilege DVD drive from the list of devices avalable for boot.:* You will need to perform this technique to ensure that Fedora boots from the hard drive (in future labs).:* If you have tried this technique, and the Fedora Installation DVD does not boot, you may have to burn a typo can destroy your systemnew Fedora Installation DVD.|

<ol> <li value="5">Note the time at the beginning of your installation.</li> <li>When the Fedora17 Installation DVD boots, it will prompt the user to test the media (i.e. DVD) for integrity. Since time is limited for installation in the lab, select '''SKIP'''. On the other hand, if the install did not work, then you can test out the integrity of the DVD in the computer lab during your spare time.</li> <li>Select the default language ('''English''') in the next install screen, and click '''Next'''.</li> <li>Select the default '''keyboard layout''' and '''Basic Storage Devices''' in the following installation screens.</li> <li>Set your hostname (name of the computer) to <big>'''f17host'''</big> (one word, no space, all lowercase).</li> <li>Set your time zone to '''Toronto'''. Note that the system (BIOS) clock is set to local time, not UTC.</li> <li>Root Password: enter a password of your own choosing. Pick one that is hard to guess to protect your system. (Recommendation: use the first letter and all the punctuation from a favorite phrase or song verse. For example, "To be or not to be, that is the question!" could become the password "Tbontb,titq!").</li> </ol> === Part 2: Partitioning === {{Admon/notetip |You're supposed to use this hard drive only for this course|Disabling But if you really need to use it for two courses, and the professor for the other (probably windows) course will allow it - ask your professor for help with partitioning.}} <ol> <li>If you get a warning with something like "This device may contain data" - it's probably your new hard drive and you can safely use it.</li> <li>Select '''Create Custom Layout''', we don't want to use the AutoFedora default setup now.</li> <li>On your drive you will need at least the following partitions. These may be primary partitions or logical drives. If you have more space than 250GB available -mounting you can add the extra space in equal parts to /home and /var/lib/libvirt/images</li> <ul><li>'''20GB''' for '''/''' (i.e. "root")</li> <li>'''30GB''' for /home</li> <li>'''8GB''' for '''swap''' (Note: "swap" must be selected from the drop down menu)</li> <li>'''100GB''' for '''/var/lib/libvirt/images'''</li></ul> <li>Record briefly in your lab logbook what partitions you created of Devices|At what size and what device names were assigned to them (/dev/sda1, etc.).</li></ol> === Part 3: Completing Installation === <ol> <li>Select in the next screen the '''Graphical Desktop''' applications, and in the additional repositories section (at the bottom) accept the default settings, then proceed. You may look at what's available if you choose "Customize now" but you don't need to customize the software installed at this point .</li> <li>Add in your lab logbook a brief description of the term "software repository" and what its major purpose serves (what you think it does). We will not add any existing repositories since we are not currently connected to the Internet. Therefore, we need will customize the repositories later.</li> <li>'''Proceed with the installation. This may take some time'''. Record in your lab log-book the <u>general</u> steps in the installation process (displayed in the dialog box).</li> <li>When installation is complete, a screen will confirm completion, and ask the user to remove the DVD, and reboot the computer. Write in your lab log-book the time it took to disable perform this DVD Fedora install.</li> <li>Remove the ability Fedora Installation DVD, and click '''Reboot'''.</li>  <li>When the system starts, set or accept the time and date default.</li> <li>Create a user account for our linux system to automatically detect yourself using the same user ID as your learn account, and mount removeable mediacreate a suitable password. This </li> <li>Normally, you would interfere want to enable '''Network Time Protocol''', but since we will be experimenting with the learning objectives of networking turned off in later labs, '''leave it disabled'''.</li> <li> Click on '''Do Not Send Hardware Profile'''.</li> <li>Finish the post-installation customization, wait for the login screen to appear, and then login to your computer account and your created (i.e. your name).</li> <li>Proceed to Investigation 2</li> </ol> '''Answer the Investigation 1 observations / questions in your lab log book.''' ==Investigation 2: How many file packages and files are installed on the system?== '''For the rest of the tasks in this lab, you must login to your installed Fedora system using your Learn account, open a terminal and execute the following listed Linux commands to obtain information for your lab-logbook''' (lab1). If you get a Permission Denied message when trying to execute a command, then switch to the '''superuser''' account by running the command '''su -''' and type in your password for "root" (since you are the main administrator for your Fedora system). Once the intended command is executed, type "exit" to exit from the superuser account and return to your regular Learn account.  {{Admon/important|Using Superuser Privilege|Throughout this course, you may need to execute commands using the privileges of the the administrative user (username "root", also called the "superuser"). To do this enter switch from your account to the root account, type the command: <code>pkill haldsu</code> After switching user notice and make note of the change in your shell prompt. Also note the difference in output for the <code>whoami</code> and<code>pwd</code>commands.  '''You will need Whenever this is required, make a note of it, and determine why superuser privilege is required.''' When you are finished using the root account type exit to return to do this again if your previous account. '''Avoid using the superuser account unless absolutely necessary, because the superuser account has unlimited privilege and a typo can destroy your system.''' In some documentation, you reboot during this labmay see the command <code>su -</code> used in place of <code>su</code>. The dash argument causes <code>su</code> to go through the steps that would normally be performed when the root user logs in, including (1) running the startup scripts (such as<code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/root/.bash_profile</code> and (2) changing to the root user's home directory (<code>/root</code>). Note that the root user's home directory (<code>/root</code>) is ''not'' the same as the root directory of the system (<code>/</code>). It is also in a different directory than the rest of the home directories, which are typically in <code>/home</code> -- the reason for this is that <code>/home</code> is sometimes on a network filesystem shared by another server (as is the case on Matrix), and it's important that the system administrator be able to log in to the system even if the network is not operating normally.}}  Navigate through your Graphical Fedora system, '''locate and run a terminal program (in order to issue Linux commands). Issue and record the commands used and the output generated in each of the following steps:'''

=== Investigation 1: How does Linux enable you to access two different drives without using a drive designator? ===# Type the command mount. Describe the output The name of the command in your lab installation logfile is <code>'''/root/install. What do the fields of data representlog'''</code> -- It is an ASCII file (how can you be sure? Use ) which can be viewed with the man page for the mount <code>'''less'''</code> command and google searches to find this information# Insert your USB flash drive into a USB port on the computer.# Because we You can make use of this file to determine how many packages have turned off been installed: complete the automatic mounting feature nothing will happen. In order following command to access count the number of packages that are labelled "Installing" in the installation log file system on this storage device we must mount it on to our existing file/directory structure.:# To mount a device we must first create a mount point to mount it on. Create a new directory called :: <code>'''grep ________________ /mediaroot/usbinstall.log | wc -l'''</code> (These steps should be done as <ol> <li value="root3")# Next we need to >Using the <code>rpm</code> command: you can also use the mount command following commands to mount list all the device. Try typing installed packages, and the following commandtotal number of packages installed:</li></ol>:: <code>mount '''rpm -t vfat q -a'''</devcode>:: <code>'''rpm -q -a | wc -l'''</sdb1 /media/usbcode>:: <code>'''rpm -qa | wc -l'''</code>. This command contains 3 important pieces of information (command arguments):#* <ol> <li value="4">The <code>'''-t vfatq'''</code> tells option means query, and the mount command to mount it as <code>'''-a FAT filesystem'''</code> option means all (in other words, query all installed software packages). Did you get the same number of packages from the above two methods?</li> <li>Some of the files on your system were installed with the software packages, and some were created by system activity (Most likely choice for a USB flash driveexample, by creating your Learn account and by logging in)#* . If you know the package name (from the <code>install.log</devcode>), you can list all the files that were installed from the package by using the following command:</sdb1li></ol>:: <code> tells '''rpm -q -l package_name'''</code><br />(where '''package_name''' represents the mount command which device to mount. (If this didnname of the ''application'' or ''package''t work try )<ol> <li value="6">This combines the <code>/dev/sdc1'''-q'''</code> or (query) option with the <code>/dev/sda1'''-l'''</code>(list filenames)option</li>#* <li>You can pipe the outupt through <code>'''wc -l'''</code>to count the number of lines:</mediali></usbol>:: <code>'''rpm -ql package_name| wc -l'''</code> tells the mount command where to mount the device (the <ol> <li value="mount point8")# Type the command mount >Using what you learned in steps 3, 4, and compare 7, get a count of the output with total number of files installed by all of the output from step 9. Record what has changedsoftware packages on your system.</li># What file system type is the USB device mounted as? Where was it mounted? What is <li>To find out the device name?# Create a file in that you have assigned to your Linux system, enter the directory command: <code>'''hostname'''</mediacode></usbli><li>To find out the kernel version of your GNU/ by redirecing Linux workstation and the output of date it was created, enter the cal command: cal <code>'''uname -rv'''</mediacode></usb/monthli># Display a detailed listing of <li>To find out all the directory where system processes running on your GNU/Linux workstation, enter the device is mounted and record the outputcommand: ls <code>'''ps -l ef'''</mediacode></usbli># Type <li>To capture the command umount /media/usb -- What happened to the contents list of all the system processes to a file called <code>'''ps.lst'''</media/usb directory? Compare results with step 17.# Type code>, enter the command mount and observe the output: <code>'''ps -ef > ps. What is different from step 14? Why?# Make a new mount point called lst'''''</mediacode></usb2 Mount your usb flash drive on the new mount point.li># Display a detailed listing of the new mount point again. Is your file there?</ol>

Answer {{Admon/important|Pathname for USB Stick|The procedure has changed to refer to the usb device for distributions prior to Fedora17 (eg. /media/usb-device-name). For Fedora17, the Investigation 1 questionnew device pathname is: How does Linux enable you <br /><b>/run/media/userloginid/usb-device-name</b> .<br /><br />Note: You can press the <b>tab</b> key to access two different drives without using a drive designator? (Write guess what the answer in your lab log book)userloginname/usb-device-name is...}}

<ol><li value=== Investigation 2: How do you create "13">Copy the installation log file <code>'''/root/install.log'''</code> and the file '''ps.lst''' to a vfat USB memory key, or ext3 filesystem? ==='''scp''' to your matrix account as a backup.</li></ol>

{{Admon/tip | Flash drives with no partition table Backup up to your USB Key| If When your USB key is inserted into your computer, the device is recognised and assigned a name ends in a letter (for example, it is . You can view your USB drive by issuing the command <code>ls /dev/sdb</code> instead of <code>run/devmedia/sdb1yourusername</code>), add <code>and view the mounted devices. Then you can issue a Linux command as "super-I</code> user" to copy the files to your USB device.}}<codeol>mkfs</codeli value="14"> commands in this View the section. This is because below to learn about and perform an update on your USB flash drive does not fresh Fedora install (you may have a partition table, which normally causes an error; the to find spare time to perform this install if you are running short on lab time). '''Do <codeu>-Inot</codeu> option tells mkfs proceed to proceed anywaysInvestigation 3 without performing an update'''.}}</li></ol>

# Unmount your USB flash drive.# Enter the command: <code>mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<{{Admon/code>#* What is the purpose of this command? Use the man page for mkfs tip |Consider Remaining Lab Time Prior to research what you did with this command.#* Did we execute the command on Performing Upgrade|'''Carefully check the device name or the mount point?# Attempt to mount the USB flash drive using the command you used remaining time in Investigation 1. What was the result?# Check the man page for the mount command to see how to change your command lab prior to mount the device correctly, and issue that command.# Once the device is mounted do a long directory listing of the mount point. What has changed?# Do performing an internet search to find out what the <code>lost+found</code> directory is for. Record your findings in your notes.# Create a new file upgrade on the device using the same technique used in Investigation 1.# Unmount the device and remount it on the original mount point. Is the new file there?# Type the command mount and observe the type value for the USB flash drive filesystem. Compare this value to the type found in Investigation 1.# Change your current working directory to where the device is mounted.# Attempt to unmount the USB flash drive. What was the result? Why? Record your findings in your notes.# Solve the error and unmount the device.# Consult the man pages for <code>mkfs</code> and <code>mkfs.ext3</code> to see how to reformat the device to a ext3 file operating system with a volume label that is the same as your learn ID'''.# Enter the command to reformat the device.# The <code>dumpe2fs /dev/sdb1</code> command will allow us It can take 30 - 90 minutes to see detailed information about ext3 filesystems. Use it to confirm your volume label is correct and record the size of your journal.# Mount the device again as perform an ext3 filesystemupgrade.# While the device is still mounted reformat the device as a vfat filesystem. What error message did you receive? Why? Record your conclusions in your notes.# Unmount the device and format it as vfat.# Now you will investigate what happens when you copy files to the device name rather than the mount point. Issue the command cp /etc/hosts /dev/sdb1# Now mount your device. Was it successful? Try mounting it as ext3. Was it successful? What has happened to the filesystem on the device?# Reformat it as vfat and mount it.# Unmount the device.}}

{{Admon/tip | Tip: Updating Fedora| Check the man page for <code>dumpe2fs</code>The Fedora software is updated frequently to add features, fix bugs, and upgrade security.}}# Shutdown your computer. (Under '''Perform a system update to get the "System" menu)# Insert your removable SATA hard disk, remove your USB flash drive and restart latest versions of the computer. (Leave your "Live CD" packages installed in Fedora: Start the computer)# When Firefox web browser, turn off popup window blocking (select ''Edit>Preferences'', then select the computer has restarted Content tab and you have logged in. Insert your USB flash drive into uncheck the USB portbox to Block Popups), then login to SeneNET.# Open a terminal window and run the type <code>mountsu</code> command.# It is quite possible that the device name for your USB flash drive has changed from what you were using previously. Your hardware configuration is different because now you have to start a hard drive connectedshell as root. One way to determine what your USB device name is now is to look at Enter the system log. Use the tail command to view the last 20 lines of the file <code>/var/log/messagesyum update</code> There should be kernel entries ''' This will download and install all of the packages that were generated when you inserted have been updated since the deviceinstallation DVD image was created.# Create If you complete this command at Seneca it should run quite fast as Seneca College hosts a Linux ext3 filesystem on the USB device, giving it Fedora Repository mirror (a volume label copy of "Lab1", and record the following in in your logbook:#* What is the block size for the new format?#* How many blocks were created?#* How often will the new filesystem be automatically checked?#* What volume label was given to the filesystem?# According to the man page what is the purpose all of dumpe2fs?# If you executed dumpe2fs on an MS-DOS filesystem what do you think would be the result?# Mount the USB device onto the mount point /media/lab1# Copy the files <code>/etc/services</code>current fedora packages,<code>/etc/networks</code> to the USB flash driveon a local web server).}}

==='''Answer the Investigation 4 - How do you create hard disk partitions?===2 observations / questions in your lab log book.'''

* Enter the command <code>fdisk -l /dev/sda</code> and describe the output in your log book. The output may be similar to == Investigation 3: What is the following:network configuration? ==

{{Admon/caution tip | Important/warning! Rusty Issuing Linux commands since ULI101?| The following operation will erase the contents of your hard disk. If To be an effective Linux administrator, you have any useful data stored need to become comfortable on your diskissuing Linux commands in a shell, you must back it up first or and use another hard disk that does not contain useful data on itresources to quickly learn how to properly formulate Linux commands..|Do not plan on sharing the hard disk with the Windows course! You will be doing lots of tasks that may cause you to lose your data.}}# Enter the command fdisk <br /dev><br /sda to start >You can run the hard disk partition program.# At the fdisk command prompt, enter the letter '''p''' following online tutorials to print out the current partition table of the hard diskpractice (refresh) issuing Linux commands. If there are any partitionsThese tutorials were designed for another course called "OPS435", but you can still use the '''d''' option to delete all of themfor practice. Simply open a shell, starting with SSH into the highest partition number firstMatrix server (eg. ssh yourusername@matrix.senecac.on.# At ca) and run the fdisk command prompt, use the '''n''' following 4 tutorials (you can copy and paste these separate pathnames and run like a program):<br /><br />'''t''' commands to create these three partitions: /devhome/ops435/tutorials/tutorial1<br />/home/ops435/tutorials/tutorial2<br />/home/ops435/tutorials/tutorial3<br /sda1 - 300MB (primary, Linux Native) >/devhome/sda2 - the rest of the hard disk (extended) ops435/devtutorials/sda5 vi- 300MB (logical, Linux Native) * Use the tutorial'''p''' option the display the new partition and record it in your log book.* Remember <br /><br />You can also refer to use the section above called '''wLinux Command Online Reference''' option to write see how use use the following Linux commands to obtain the new partitions required information instead of the '''q''' option to quit without saving.* Logout and restart Fedora.}}

Answer # To check the Investigation 4 question network configuration settings obtained from the DHCP server, run the following commands, describing the output in your lab log book:#* '''ifconfig'''#* '''route'''#* '''nslookup''' (at the > prompt, enter the word "server" (do not type the quotes) and record the output. Type exit to leave nslookup).<br /><br /># Find the following information in the output of the above commands:#* '''MAC address''' (physical or hardware address) of the ethernet network interface#* '''Subnet mask'''#* '''The IP address''' (logical address) assigned by the DHCP server#* '''The default route''' (gateway)#* '''The DNS nameserver'''

==='''Answer the Investigation 5 - How do you create and access a Linux filesystem on a hard disk partition?===3 observations / questions in your lab log book.'''

===Investigation 6 {{Admon/important|SELinux|SELinux stands for '''Security- How Enhanced Linux'''. It is a component that helps to better secure the system to protect against intrusion (hackers). Usually, SELinux is enabled upon the default install of Fedora. SELinux can be a good thing, if you save an image take care of a filesytem?===it and are aware that it is enabled or disabled. It is recommended that you '''disable SELinux by default''' for this course, since you will be communicating with other virtual machines and can cause machines NOT to communicate.}}

# Your <code>/dev/sda1</code> partition Disabling SELinux on Fedora is formatted with an ext3 filesystem and contains 2 files. You can now create an "image" of that device and duplicate it.# First create an image of the device using actually quite simple, just edit the following command: #*<code>dd if=/dev/sda1 of=sda1.img</code># The image file you created is a byte by byte duplicate of the original device and all of its contents. You can even mount it as a if it was a real partition. # Make a mount point called <code>'''/mediaetc/sda1-image<selinux/code> config''' and mount the image file using change the following commandline to look like this: #* <code>mount -o loop -t ext3 sda1.img /media/sda1-image</code>#* (The <code>-o loop</code> option is used to mount regular files as if they were real block storage devices.)# List the contents of the mount point. Are your files there?# Copy the file <code>/var/log/boot.log</code> to the mount point.# Unmount the image.SELINUX=disabled

Answer = Completing the Investigation 6 question.Lab =

=== Completing '''Check off the Lab ===following items before asking your instructor to check your lab:'''

# USB Formatted as ext2 ( ) # Volume Label is "LAB1" ( ) # USB Mounted '''Arrange evidence for each of these items on <code>/media/lab-one</code> ( ) # Following files on USB services, issueyour screen, networks ( ) # Instructor satisfied with complete then ask your instructor to review them and detailed sign off on the lab notes ( )'s completion:'''

== Preparing * Can login with your "learn" account name* Has the package count* Has correct size partitions for ::* '''root /''' (20GB), '''/home''' (30GB), '''swap''' (8GB):* '''/var/lib/libvirt/images''' (100GB):* Hint: Can issue '''lsblk''' (listblock command)* Has the correct IP address and MAC address* Find out the default route (gateway)* IP of the Quizzes ==DNS name server* Name and contact information on your disk pack* Lag Logbook (lab1) notes filled-in.

The online readings linked on the course web page contain some useful information about Free and Open Source Software. Use them and Internet searches to answer the following questions to help you prepare = Preparing for the quizzes:Quizzes =

# Who is Linus TorvaldsHow many packages were installed?# How many files (correct to the nearest hundred) were installed?# How many users were created automatically on your system (do not count your learn account)?# Name 3 open source software projects widely used todayWhat is your learn account's UID and GID?# What license agreement does GNU/Linux useis your learn account's home directory?# What are is the home directory for the 4 basic software freedoms that define user "Free Softwareroot"?# Who makes up How do you determine the Fedora Communityhost name of your GNU/Linux workstation?# Name 4 other significant Linux "Distros"What command can display the NIC's MAC address?